Ideal Transformer
Change coil turns and a resistive load to trade RMS voltage for current while checking equal input and output power.
Free theory articleChange coil turns and a resistive load to trade RMS voltage for current while checking equal input and output power.
Concept & interpretation
An ideal transformer is a lossless electromagnetic device that transfers alternating-current (AC) electrical energy between primary and secondary windings through mutual flux linkage. It steps RMS voltage up or down according to the turns ratio while conserving instantaneous and average real power.
Experiment
You can verify these properties directly using the interactive Ideal Transformer module to explore how the turns ratio trades voltage for current and scales referred impedance:
- Select Primary RMS voltage Vp as 24.
- Select Primary turns Np as 200 and Secondary turns Ns as 50 to create a step-down transformer (q = 1/4 = 0.25).
- Set Load resistance R to 6.
- Observe that Secondary RMS voltage drops to 6 V and Secondary RMS current is 1 A, while Primary RMS current is only 0.25 A, maintaining Pin = Pout = 6 W and referred input resistance R / q2 = 96 Ω.